Titanium

Olivia Herrera

__Titanium__
=(ty-TAY-nee-um)=

** DISCOVERY **
Titanium was discovered by a man named William Gregor in 1791. While Gregor was studying a *mineral he found near his home he came across one part of the mineral that he could not identify. However after this he did not continue to study this mysterious part of the mineral. Instead he wrote a report and sent it in leaving the professionals to figure it out. William Gregor's report was ignored for a good 4 years until German chemist by the name of Martin Heinrich Klaproth decided to study ilmenite, where he then realized that Gregor had been right all along and that there was indeed a new elemen. Klaproth then decided to offer up the name Titanium coming from the Greek word titanos also named after the titans who were mythical giants who ruled the world.

**CHEMICAL/ PHYSICAL TRAITS**
Titanium is actually very unreactive and it does not combine with oxygen at a room temperature. It also resists acids and chlorine. However Titanium does become more reactive when heated at a high temperature and can even catch fire when exposed to oxygen. This *Isolated metal is a brilliant white color and is very resistant to *corrosion and *oxidation. Titanium is a *transition metal and is used in special types of steel, airplanes, paint, rubber, paper and all sorts of alloys. This is the 9th most common element found in the Earth’s crust. This element is found in rocks and minerals from all over the world. It's light *atomic mass makes it a good metal to include in other *alloys. Titanium has an atomic mass of 47.867 and an *atomic number of 22. It has 22 *protons and *electrons. And a density of 293K: 4.45g/cm. It’s crystal structure is hexagonal. Boiling point of 3,287 degrees Celsius (5948.6 degrees Fahrenheit). Melting point of 1,668 degrees Celsius (3,034.4 degrees Fahrenheit)



GLOSSARY (words with a symbol *next to it)
Mineral: They're building blocks for rocks. Non-living solid and made of atoms and elements. Element: Pure substance in it's simplest form. Corrosion: Erosion by chemical action Oxidation: The addition of oxygen to a compound with loss of electrons; always occurs accompanied by reduction. Transition Metal: An element whose atom has an incomplete d sub-shell or represents the successive addition of electrons to the d atomic orbitals of the atom. Atomic Mass: Total mass of protons, neutrons and electrons in a single atom. Atomic Number: Is the number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom and therefore identical to the charge number of the nucleus. Protons: Subatomic particle with an electric charge of +1 elementary charge. Electrons: Subatomic particle that carries a negative electric charge.

Bibliography:

   
 * Bentor, Yinon. "Chemical Elements.com - Titanium (Ti)." //Chemical Elements.com - An Interactive Periodic Table of the Elements//. Web. 14 June 2010. .
 * Dayah, Michael. "Periodic Table." // Dynamic Periodic Table //. Web. 14 June 2010. .
 * "The Element Titanium." //The Periodic Table//. Web. 14 June 2010. .
 * Los Alamos National Laboratory's Chemistry Division Presents:. "Periodic Table of Elements."//Peridic Table of Elements//. Web.